01 November, 2008

2nd BDS Pathology and Microbiology

GENERAL PATHOLOGY, PARASITOLOGY & MICROBIOLOGY-APRIL, 2006 Time: 3hours - Max.70marks - Answer All Questions
Part-A (General Pathology)
1. Define Neoplasia. Classify tumours. Discuss the modes of spread of malignant tumours=9m
2. Write short notes on: 4 x 4 =16marks; a) Factors influencing wound healing b) Actinomycosis
c) Types of shock d) Pernicious Anaemia
3. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks; a) Oral lesions in congenital syphilis b) Causes of Neutrophilic leucocytosis
c) Angioodema d) Thrombocytopenia e) Lab diagnosis of enteric fever

Part-B (Parasitology & Microbiology)
4. Draw a neat diagram of bacterial cell. Add a note on bacterial cell wall=9m
5. Write short notes on: 4 x 4 =16marks; a) Amoebic dysentery b) Dental caries
c) Mechanisms of innate immunity in an individual d) Ziehl-Neelsen stain
6. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks; a) Principle of autoclave b) Prophylaxis against Hepatitis B
c) Laboratory diagnosis of Malaria d) Prophylaxis of tetanus e) Different morphological forms of bacteria


OCT-NOV-2005

Part-A
1. Define thrombosis. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and complications of thrombus. =9m
2. Write short notes on; 4 x 4 -=16m; a) Phagocytosis b) Sequential stages in wound healing by first intention
c) Fat embolism d) Osteoclastoma
3. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks; a) Tripe response of lewis b) Classical haemophilia
c) Characteristics of dry gangrene d) Microscopy of amenoblastoma e) Microscopy of Tubercle
Part-B
4. Describe the morphology, clinical characters and laboratory diagnosis of diphtheria =9m
5. Write short notes on; 4 x 4 =16marks; a) Bacterial growth curve b) Autoclave c) Hepatitis B virus
d) Human cycle of malarial parasite.
6. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks; a) Name two enriched media and two transport media
b) Mention four modes of infection of HIV c) Name four diseases caused by streptococcus pyogenes
d) Name four vaccines e) Importance of Grams stain












MAR/APR.2005 (N.R.)


1. Explain the characteristics of benign and malignant tumours =9marks
2. Write short notes on: 4 x 4 =16marks; a) Morphology of Granuloma b) Squamous cell carcinoma
c) Blood picture in Megaloblastic anaemia d) Osteosarcoma
3. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks; a) Cancrum oris b) Types of exudate c) Microscopy of fatty liver d) Lab diagnosis of ITP e) Basal cell carcinoma
Part-B
4. Define sterilization and disinfection. Add a note on moist heat sterilization =9marks
5. Write short notes on: 4 x 4 =16marks; a) Bacterial spore b) Oral Thrush c) Vincent’s Angina
d) Differences between Active and Passive immunity
6. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks; a) Name the species of malarial parasites infecting humans
b) Name two sexually transmitted bacterial diseases c) Name four different classes of disinfectants
d) Name four diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus
e) Name two media used by cultivation of corynebacterium diphtheria


OCTOBER, 2004(N.R.)

Part-A (General Pathology)
1. Define and classify Degeneration. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and pathology of Fatty Liver =9marks
2. Write short answers on: 4 x 4 =16marks; a) Pathological calcification
b) Pleomorphic Adenoma of Salivary gland c) Pyogenic osteomyelitis
d) Blood picture in chronic myeloid leukaemia
3. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks; a) Types of necrosis with examples b) Microscopy of Sago spleen
c) Wear and Tear pigment d) Chemotaxis e) Leukoplakia of mouth
Part-B (Parasitology and Microbiology)
4. Describe the morphology, cultural characters, and corynaebacterium diphtheriae =9marks
5. Write short notes on: 4 x 4 =16marks; a) Mention two oral fungal falciparum
b) Complications of plasmodium falciparum c) Mention four bacteria causing respiratory infection
d) Draw a diagram of Spore and Label e) Mention four Bacteria causing meningitis.









APRIL/MAY, 2004. (N.R.)


Part-A (General Pathology)
1. Define inflammation. Discuss cellular events in Acute inflammation =9marks
2. Write short answers on: 4 x 4 =16marks;
a) Granuloma b) Healing by second intension c) Dystrophic calcification d) Congenital syphilis.
3. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks;
a) Types of Oedema b) Nutmeg liver c) Blood picture in Iron deficiency Anaemia
d) Name the pathways of spread of Malignant tumours d) Thrombocytopenia.
Part-B (Parastiology and Microbiology)
4. Describe the morphology and life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica. Write about laboratory diagnosis of intestinal
amoebiasis. 9marks;
5. Write short answers on: 4 x 4 =16m. a) Different methods of Sterilization b) Modes of transmission of HIV
c) Flagella d) Koplik’s spots.
6. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =a) Types of active immunity with examples b) Different types of spores
c) Non suppurative lesions, caused by streptococcus pyogenes d) Ziehl-Neelsen stain
e) Mention four selective media

= = =

APRIL,2003. (N.R.)


Answer Part-A and B in separate answer books - Draw diagrams wherever necessary
Part-A (General Pathology)
1. Define Neoplasia. Give the differences between Benign and Malignant tumours =9marks
2. Write short notes on: 4 x 4 =16marks
a) Metastatic calcification b) Fate of thrombus c) Actinomycosis d) E.S.R.
3. Write brief answers on: 5 x 2 =10marks
a) Hypertrophy-define and give examples
b) Red infarct – How is it caused? How many types of infarcts are there?
c) Microscopic picture of osteosarcoma d) What is Leucocytosis? What are the causes.
e) What is Fatty liver? What are the causes
Part-B (Parastiology including Microbiology)
4. Define Sterilisation. Classify sterilization methods and write about physical methods of
sterilization=9marks
5. Write short notes on: 4 x 4 =16marks
a) Structure of immunoglobulin b) Serum sickness c) Hydatid cyst d) Malignant pustule
6. Write briefly on the following: 5 x 2=a) Exotoxin b)Castanedo’s method of culture
c) Koplic sports or bacteria in oral cavity d) Diagram of aids virus e) Inclusion bodies



OCTOBER, 2002
Part-A (General Pathology)
1. Define Granuloma- What are the causes and pathology of Granuloma =9marks
2. Write short answer: 4 x 4 =a) Basal cell carcinoma b) Phagocytosis c) Fat embolism d) Gangrene
3. Write briefly on: 5 x 2 =10marks -a) Candidiasis – What is it ? What are the causes
b) Microscopic picture of Osteoclastoma c) Blood picture of chronic myeloid Leukemia
d) Metaplasia - What is it? Give examples e) Define teratoma
Part-B (Parasitology includisng Microbiology)
4. Define and classify Immunity. Discuss Acquired Immunity. =9marks
5. Write short answers on: 4 x 4 =a) Microfilaria b) Dental caries c) Capsule d) Blood agar
6. Write briefly: 5x2=a) Lesions caused by Staphylococcus aureus. b) Mention 3 enriched media and their uses
c) Growth curve d) Gram Stain e) Uses of Hot Air Oven


SECOND B.D.S. APRIL, 2000 – General pathology, Parasitology & Microbiology

Part-A (General Pathology)
1. Describe briefly serological diagnosis of syphilis =10marks
2. Short notes: a) Structure of Immunoglobulin b) Fungus affecting the hair c) Immunization of Rabies
d) Lab-diagnosis of corynebacterium Diphtheria in brief e) Actinomycosis f) Rhino sporidium=6x5=30
Part-B ( Parasitology & Microbiology)
1. Describe the morphology, spread, prevention and lab diagnosis of Hepatitis B Virus =10marks
2. Short Notes: a) Widal Test b) Elisa c) Acquired active immunity d) Standard tests for syphilis
e) Name the Immunoglobulins and write above IgA f) Microfilaria =6x5=30marks


APRIL, 1999.


Part-A
1. Define thrombosis. Discuss in brief the pathogenesis of thrombus for motion =10marks
2. Write short notes on: 6x5=a) Actinomycosis b) Dental caries c) Phagocytosis d) Spread of tumour
e) Blood picture of iron deficiency anaemia f) Cell mediated immunity
Part-B
3. Describe the morphology of bacterial cell with diagram briefly =10marks
4. Write short notes on: 6x5= a) Polio vaccines b) Sources of infection c) Entamoeba Gingivalis
d)V.D.R.L.Test e)Morphology diagnosis and diseases caused by candida albicans f)Prophylaxis of Tetanus.



OCTOBER, 1998.
Part-A
1. Define sterilization. Describe an auto-clave =10marks
2. Short Notes: a) Dental caries b) Immunoglobulin A c) Cultivation of Viruses
d) Immunization of Tatanus e) Lab diagnosis of entamoeba histolytica in brief
f) Cysticercus cellulosae =6x5=30marks
Part-B
3. Describe healing of a fracture. Enumerate the causes for nonhealing of a fracture =10marks
4. Short: a)Pancytopenia b)Scurvy c)Epulis d)Pleomorphic adenoma e)Caseons necrosis f) Atrophy=6x5



APRIL, 1998.


Part-A ( General Pathology )
1. Define Inflammation. What are the cardinal signs of inflammation. Describe the vascular changes in inflammation=10
2. Short Notes: a) Spread of tumors b) Bleeding time c) Cell mediated immunity d) Primary complex
e) Burkitts Lymphoma f) Embolism =6x5=30marks
Part-B ( Parasitology including Microbiology)
3. Mention the infection transmitted by blood and blood products and write in detail about any one agent =10
4. Short Notes: a) Enriched Media b) Cultural methods of Candida Albicans c) Congenital syphilis
d) Structure of Immunoglobulin e) Morphology of Entamoeba Gingivalis f) Cultivation of Virus =6x5

OCTOBER, 1997.

Part-A
1. Describe the morphology cultural characters and lab diagnosis of cornybacterium diphtheria –10marks
2. Short notes: a) Vincents Angine b) Hot Air oven c) Morphology and cultural characters of penumococci
d) Lock Jaw e) Immunization of Polio Myditis =5x5=25marks
Part-B
3. Discuss the aetiopathogenesis of nutritional oedema =10marks
4 Short Notes: a) Gangrene b) Dystiophic calcification c) Basal cell carcinoma d) Ameloblastoma
e)Hemophilia f) Varieties of Inflammation –6x5=30marks








APRIL, 1997. Time: 3hrs Marks: 75
Part-A
1. Describe morphology, cultural characters and laboratory diagnosis of cornybacterium diphtheria =10marks
2. Short Notes: a) Human Papilloma Virus b) Life cycle of Ancylostoma duodenal c) Stool examination
d) Sterilization e) Cysticercus cellulosae =5x5=25marks
Part-B
3. Discuss the aetiopathogenesis of odema =10marks
4. Short Notes: a) Fat necrosis b) Basal cell carcinoma c) Leukoplakia d) Pancytopenia
e) Pleomorphic Adenoma f) Granuloma =6x5=30marks


OCTOBER, 1996.

Part-A
1. Describe morphology, cultural characters and laboratory diagnosis of pneumococcus. Give a brief account of
bronchopneumonia =10marks
2. Write short notes on: 6x5=a) Life cycle of entamoeba histolytica b) Pneumocystis carinii c) Occult blood
d) Serologic diagnosis of syphilis e) Type-II Hypersensitivity reactions.
Part-B
3. Define sterilization and write about sterilization by moist heat =10marks
4. Write short notes on: 6x5=30m-a) Write briefly about capsule and give 2 examples of capsulated organisms.
a) Immunoglobulin-A c) Streptococcus viridons and dental caries
d) Importance of Hepatiti-B in dental surgery e) Oral Thrush


APRIL, 1996. Time-3hrs Marks:75

Part-A
1. Describe morphology, cultural characters and laboratory diagnosis of enteric fever =10marks
2. Short Notes- a)Cytomegalo Virus b)Life cycle of Ascaris Lumbricoides c)Black water fever
d)Mumps e) Mycetoma
Part-B
1. Define infarction. Describe the pathology of Infarct. 10marks
2. Short Notes: a) Gumma b) Vitamin A deficiency c) Spread of tumors d) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
e) Bone-marrow in megaloblastic anaemia f) Dentigerous cyst =6x5=30marks











OCTOBER, 1995.
Part-A
1. Discuss the aetiology, pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of malaria =10marks
2. Short Notes: a) Primary complex in lung b) Sterilization by autoclave c) Larval forms of cestodes
d) Normal flora of mouth e) Examination of stool in amoebic dysentery =5x5=25marks
Part-B
3. Classify tumours and discuss the differences between benign and malignant tumors =10marks
4. Short Notes: a) Necrosis b) Bronzed diabetes c) Heart failure cells d) Lymphokines
e) Granulation tissue ` Packed cell volume =6x5=30marks

1 comment:

Anneke Sergio said...

I was diagnosed of Herpes 2years ago and I have tried all possible means to get the cure but all to no avail, until i saw a post in a health forum about a Herbal Doctor(Dr imoloa who prepares herbal medicine to cure all kind of diseases including Herpes, at first i doubted, if it was real but decided to give him a trial, when i contacted Dr imoloa through his Email: drimolaherbalmademedicine@gmail.com he guided me and prepared a herbal medicine and sent it to me via courier Delivery service,when i received the package (herbal medicine) He gave me instructions on how to consume it, i started using it as instructed and i stop getting outbreaks and the sores started vanishing, could you believe i was cured of this deadly virus within two to three weeks and notices changes in my body. Days of using this REMEDY,couldn't believe the healing at first until i see it as my HERPES get cleared like magic Dr imoloa also use his herbal medicine to cure diseases like, HIV/aids, lupus disease, dry cough, fever, malaria, Lyme disease, acute myeloid leukaemia, alzheimer's disease, blood poisoning, measles, kidney cancer, kidney infections, diarrhoea, epilepsy, joint pain, mouth ulcer,bowel cancer, discoid eczema, eye cancer, food poisoning, fibroid, hairy cell leukaemia, mouth cancer, skin disease, lung cancer, liver disease, penile cancer, parkinson disease, arthritis, breast cancer, bone cancer hepatitis A.B.C, Diabetes, fatigue, muscle aches, anal cancer, asthma, Contact this great herbal Doctor today the father of herbalism. via Email: drimolaherbalmademedicine@gmail.com or whatssapp him +2347081986098. and get cured permanently He is real..